Improvement in pumps



"itsco'nstruction and operation.

UNITED STATES?- PATENT Ormea.

IMPROVEMENT iN PUMPS.

Specitioation fonniing part of Letters Patent No. 48,720, dated July 1l., 1865.

' Tov al-lvfwhom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANKLIN Ransom, of

Buffalo, in the county of Eric and State ofNeW' York, have invented a new and useful 1m- Y provement in Pumps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact de scription ofthe same, reference being had to'- the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in whichg Y Figure 1 is a nearly eentralwertical section of a pump constructed according to myinvention. Fig. 2isahorizontalsection of the same in the planefindicated -by theline w in Fig.

1. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section of the cylinder transverse to Fig. 1. i Fig. llisa transverse vertical section inthe plane indicated b This invention relates lo doublegactiug pumps for liquids or air, or both. Its principal feature of novelty consists in the arrange` ment of thevalves, as hereinafter described, in communication with a divided chamber, each of whose compartments communicating with one end of the cylinder is of a capacity greaterv than the displacement produced iu the cylinder by the piston, lwhereby I always-maintaiu between the piston'and the inletvalves a quan'- tity of water or Jther liquid at least greater than the aforesaid displacement.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use myinvention, I will proceed to describe A is the cylinder, arranged in upright posi tion and closed attop and bottom.

Af is thezpiston without valves, and D its rod,work`ing,throu gh Vajstuin g-box in the cyl. inder-cover.V

O u-one side of the upper part of the cylindr `there is 'cast a chamber, C, standing out horizontally therefrom, and divided bya ver tical partition, U,into two compartments, c c',

n veach of 'a capacity greater than th-e displace- Vment-producedin thecyl'inder by the stroke of the piston... Eachv of these compartments has communication at the bottom-,by means of an- .induction-valve with afchamber, G, with which the inductionpi-pe Tis connected, and at the top by meansof'an educt'ion-valve with an airj chamber, K, with which the ednction-pipe L is connected..

I is the inductionyalve, and E the eductioir valve, ot' the compartmentc, and I is the induction-valve, and Eithe eduetion-valve, ot the compartment c'. The compartment c communicates directly with the cylinder A above the piston by means ot' an opening, o', and the compartment c communicates with the' lower part of the cylinder below the piston by means of aside pipe, B, cast on the cylinder, andliavingan opening, o, close to the' bottom ofthe cylinder.

The operation of the pump is as follows: Beforestarting, the cylinder A and the two compartments of the chamber C are lled with walter or other liquid, either through the seats of the eduction-valves before the air-chamber is put on or through. openings provided in the aforesaid compartments for the purpose, and provided with stop-cocks, but preferably and especially iu the air-pump in thelatter manner, as the said openings provide for; the introduc tion ofadditional water whenevernecessary. On theiirst ascending stroke of the piston the Water abbve itis forced out through the opening o into the compartment c of the chamber, and the water -in the said compartment is forced ont through the eduction-valve E into the airchamber, while water from the compartment c of thechamber'C enters the cylinder through the pipe B, filling the cylinder below the piston and opening o, and Water or air enters by the valve Ifrom the in`duction-pipe to fill the vacuum formed'in the said compartment Y Q.Qu the lirst descending stroke of the piston the water. in the cylinder below it is forced out through the opening o and side pipe,^l5, into the compartment c of the chamber C, and the Water or air with Awhich the said compartment lwastilled during the ascending stroke is forced out through the valve E into theair-chamber K, while the water which entered the conipartment c' from the cylinder during theasf cending stroke passes back into the cylinder, and water or air enters the valve l froml the induction-pire to `till the vacuum formed in the said compartment c. The operation being continued, the piston at each stroke, lupward or downward, forceout the waterat one or the other end of theA cylinder into its respective .compartment c'O or c, and this water displaces from that compartment the waterpro- -viously contained therein and forces itthrongh thevnlve 1 or l into the' air-chamber, and

through the reduction-pipe, and at the same time vthe water from the other compartment, c or c', enters the vcylinder and follows the piston, and water or air entersthatcompartment through the valve I or I-from the inductionpipe T. The compnrtmentsc c of the cham-v ber C being of greater capacity than the displacement produced inthe cylinder by the piston, a quantity ofliquid greater than thequnntty displaced by the piston at each strokeis always retained between the piston and the lower valves, I I, so that when the pump is used as an air-pump no air will enter theeylinder and be retained there, but the air must of necessity pass outt hrough the upper valves, E E', and vwaiter will always remain in the said compartments c c to seal thc valves I I; and when the pump is used, for water or other liquid no dirt or grit contained in the water or liquid will enter the cylinder and injure it, for

the same liquid with which the pump was iirst charged continues to return and fill thecylinder, while the .gritty or muddy water enters only the chamber C, and is forced out therefrom vinto the air-chamber vund through the suction-pipe.

What I claim as my'inventiomand desireto secure by Letters Patent, is f The nrrangemntot the'iulet-valves I l an the divided chamber C, having two compartments of greater capacity than the displacement otthe piston, in combination with each other and with the cylinder of the pump, substantially ns and for the purpose herein speci-v lied..

FRANKLIN RANSOM, Witnesses C. C'. BRISTOL, E. D. BnisroL. 

